The bleach wont kill the mould completely and it will come back. If you have a shower then its building regs to have extraction in the room anyway. As for cavity wall insulation, did you have the mould before?
Id be suprised if the mould would penetrate the grout joints as i have tiled some pretty minging bathrooms and its not happened yet.
I agree Scottley.... any mould would just set up a new home on top of new grout/ tiles if ventilation not sorted. Spores would not develop or penetrate through new grout
hard to say without seeing but sounds as if in this case there is an issue that needs attention cavity walls are fine if the outside wall is waterproof same goes with solid walls the aim is to keep moisture out on the outside not try to stop it on the inside