A pretty
standard diagram of how the molecules penetrate and water/solvent evaporates. Still can't see much benefit of it penetrating that deep though. As for wearing a surface down that is a big ask IMO especially 0.5mm most preminum sealers will penetrate 2mm so the only wear you would get like that is to cut the stone/grind.
So anyway say if the first 1mm of the sealer has been effected and damaged the surface the rest of the sealer in this case up to 6mm is now in my view pointless as the damage has now been done to the surface. The only way I can think that it could be of advantage is, as a pre-seal for grouting to stop potential colour bleed from the grout entering the stone creating picture framing effect, but even then for its full effectiveness waiting 4 weeks until grouting!.