Please keep up people, there is a lot to learn about satelite navigation. :welcome:
All you need to know about.....
GNSS that provide enhanced accuracy and integrity monitoring usable for civil navigation are classified as follows:
[3]
- GNSS-2 is the second generation of systems that independently provides a full civilian satellite navigation system, exemplified by the European Galileo positioning system. These systems will provide the accuracy and integrity monitoring necessary for civil navigation. This system consists of L1 and L2 frequencies for civil use and L5 for system integrity. Development is also in progress to provide GPS with civil use L2 and L5 frequencies, making it a GNSS-2 system.¹[citation needed]
- Core Satellite navigation systems, currently GPS, Galileo and GLONASS.
- Global Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) such as Omnistar and StarFire.
- Regional SBAS including WAAS(US), EGNOS (EU), MSAS (Japan) and GAGAN (India).
- Regional Satellite Navigation Systems such as China's Beidou, India's yet-to-be-operational IRNSS, and Japan's proposed QZSS.
- Continental scale Ground Based Augmentation Systems (GBAS) for example the Australian GRAS and the US Department of Transportation National Differential GPS (DGPS) service.
- Regional scale GBAS such as CORS networks.
- Local GBAS typified by a single GPS reference station operating Real Time Kinematic (RTK) corrections.
In development
GLONASS
Main article:
GLONASS
The formerly
Soviet, and now
Russian,
GLObal'naya NAvigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema(Global Navigation Satellite System), or
GLONASS, was a fully functional navigation constellation but after the
collapse of the Soviet Union it fell into disrepair, leading to gaps in coverage and only partial availability. Restoration was underway in 2010.
Compass
Main article:
Compass navigation system
China has indicated they intend to expand their regional navigation system, called
Beidou or
Big Dipper, into a global navigation system by 2020
[4] a program that has been called
Compass in China's official news agency
Xinhua. The Compass system is proposed to utilize 30
medium Earth orbit satellites and five geostationary satellites. A 12-satellite regional version is expected to be completed by 2012.
Galileo
Main article:
Galileo (satellite navigation)
The
European Union and
European Space Agency agreed in March 2002 to introduce their own alternative to GPS, called the
Galileo positioning system. At a estimated price of EUR 3.0 billion,
[5] the system of 30
MEO satellites was originally scheduled to be operational in 2010. The estimated year to become operational is 2014.
[6] The first experimental satellite was launched on 28 December 2005[
citation needed]. Galileo is expected to be compatible with the
modernized GPS system. The receivers will be able to combine the signals from both Galileo and GPS satellites to greatly increase the accuracy. Galileo is now not expected to be in full service until 2020 at the earliest and at a substantially higher cost.
[7]
Comparison of GNSS systems
SystemCountry
CodingOrbital height & periodNumber of satellitesFrequencyStatusGPSUnited States
CDMA20,200 km, 12.0h≥ 241.57542 GHz (L1 signal)
1.2276 GHz (L2 signal)operationalGLONASSRussia
FDMA/
CDMA19,100 km, 11.3h24 (30 when CDMA signal launches)Around 1.602 GHz (SP)
Around 1.246 GHz (SP)operational with restrictions, CDMA in preparationGalileoEuropean Union
CDMA23,222 km, 14.1h2 test bed satellites in orbit
22 operational satellites budgeted1.164-1.215 GHz (E5a and E5b)
1.215-1.300 GHz (E6)
1.559-1.592 GHz (E2-L1-E11)in preparationCOMPASSChina
CDMA21,150 km, 12.6h35
[8]B1: 1,561098 GHz
B1-2: 1.589742 GHz
B2: 1.207.14 GHz
B3: 1.26852 GHz5 satellites operational, additional 30 satellites planned
PS - Many thanks to:
Global navigation satellite system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
:lol::lol::lol: